http://scientificpublications.in/index.php/ijmsar <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>International Journal of Medical Sciences and Academic Research</strong> is an international open access journal that publishes peer-reviewed scholarly articles on all the areas of Medical Sciences. Its goal is to serve international scientific and clinical communities, to strengthen links between science and policy and to stimulate and enhance the quality of debate. In addition to original research work, the journal features editorials, commentaries, review, letters a, theoretical, research papers, state-of-the-science reviews, descriptions, research on scientific behaviours to evidence-based clinical practice. The Journal is using Editorial Manager System for easy online tracking and managing of the manuscript processing. Each article undergoes a peer-review process under the aegis of an assigned Editor.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>International Journal of Medical Sciences and Academic Research</strong> Open-access &amp; e-journal Free-flow of the information is necessary in this world. Open-access leads to more citation and hence more recognition for our esteemed authors. Critical and positive peer-review the decisions of the reviewers are unbiased and whatever is the decision is conveyed to the authors.</p> Scientific Publications en-US International Journal of Medical Sciences and Academic Research 2582-7197 http://scientificpublications.in/index.php/ijmsar/article/view/86 <p>The use of motorcycle (Okada) for carrying passengers from one destination to another for commercial purposes has crept into Nigerian’s transportation activities and is now popular, possibly because it is faster especially when there is terrible hold ups and can also drop an individual at his door step. Nevertheless, during the course of their occupation motorcyclist consume and abuse some substances. Among substances that they abuse are alcoholic drinks, tobacco, marijuana, cocaine, heroin, opiates, hallucinogens, inhalants, local psychoactive drugs and stimulants. Due to the unhealthy lifestyle they live during the course of their occupation this may have adverse effect on the physiology of some organs in their body such as the liver. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of motorcycle operations on the liver function parameters. Methods: A total of 90 participants were selected using purposive sampling methods having determined the sample size. A cross sectional design and structured questionnaire was adopted for this study and the hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance on the SPSS version 21 window. Results: The study revealed that there was a significant difference (p&lt;0.05) in the mean ±SD of some liver enzymes of motorcycle operators (subjects) and controls. Conclusion: It was concluded that unhealthy lifestyle they live during the course of their occupation have adverse effect on the physiology of the liver. </p> Ayomide Adeyeye Copyright (c) 2024 Ayomide Adeyeye https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2024-10-29 2024-10-29 5 05 1 13 http://scientificpublications.in/index.php/ijmsar/article/view/83 <p>Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are interrelated diseases. The purpose of this study was to compare the renal function indices of hypertensive diabetic and normotensive diabetic subjects. This study was conducted in Osogbo local government in the capital city of Osun state, Nigeria. 40 hypertensive diabetic subjects, 40 normotensive diabetic subjects and 40 healthy subjects were selected for this study. The mean systolic blood pressure of hypertensive diabetic subjects (149.68 ± 7.54 mmHg) was significantly higher when compared to that of normotensive diabetic subjects (p&lt;0.01). Also, the diastolic blood pressure of hypertensive diabetics (88.23 ± 4.13 mmHg) was significantly higher than normtensive diabetics (p&lt;0.01). There was an increase in the mean BMI of hypertensive diabetic subjects (26.11 ± 4.06) when compared to that of the control subjects (P&lt;0.05). The mean concentrations of potassium, bicarbonate, urea and uric acid (5.29±1.04,23.53 ±2.89,6.79 ±3.14 and 0.40 ± 0.17 mmol/l) respectively were significantly high (P&lt;0.01) in hypertensive diabetic when compared to healthy subjects. Also, there were significant differences in the mean concentrations of potassium, bicarbonate, urea and uric acid (5.26±1.13, 24.45±2.90,6.80 ±2.54 and 0.42 ±0.17 mmol/1) respectively of normotensive diabetics when compared to control subjects. However, mean concentration of potassium, sodium, bicarbonate, urea and uric acid were statistically unchanged in hypertensive diabetic subjects when compared to normotensive diabetic subjects. There was inverse correlation between bicarbonate and systolic blood pressure (r= -0.22), bicarbonate and creatinine (r=-0.34), bicarbonate and chloride (r= -0.50). There was positive correlation between systolic and diastolic blood pressures (r=0.79), urea and creatinine (r= 0.50), urea and uric acid (r= 0.75), creatinine and uric acid (r= 0.42).Although, there were no significant differences in the renal function indices of hypertensive diabetic subjects when compared to normotensive diabetic subjects, these findings suggest that there were alterations in the renal function indices of both hypertensive diabetics and normotensive diabetics.<br />Keywords: renal, diabetes and hypertension.</p> Oluwatosin Olafusi Copyright (c) 2024 Oluwatosin Olafusi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2024-10-29 2024-10-29 5 05 14 23 http://scientificpublications.in/index.php/ijmsar/article/view/82 <p style="text-align: justify;">Mental Health [MH] of researchers, clinicians, policy makers and the public has been topical during the pandemic. The invisibility of MH issues of all persons was recently documented in a publication titled; Probing MH Invisibilities during a Global Pandemic.&nbsp; The COVID-19 impact on researchers including changes in productivity, research focus and training has been reported on.&nbsp; Documentation prior to the pandemic in relation to stress and workload has also been reported and includes a bibliometric analysis of workplace MH in Canada,1991-2002.</p> Deborah Hilton Copyright (c) 2024 Deborah Hilton https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2024-10-29 2024-10-29 5 05 24 31 http://scientificpublications.in/index.php/ijmsar/article/view/80 <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objectives</strong>: The purpose of this study is to investigate the cardiac safety of epinephrine injections into the gastrointestinal tract submucosa.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods</strong>: The patients who underwent endoscopy and had epinephrine injected for bleeding control, as well as a control group who underwent endoscopy but did not receive epinephrine, were included in the study. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) and heart rate (beats) were measured at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 minutes after epinephrine injection in 1/1000, 1/10,000, and 1/20,000 concentrations of patients, and similarly, without administration of epinephrine in the control group.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Results</strong>: The change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure values over time was not significant in the groups that received the epinephrine dose (p=0.059, p=0.117). Similarly, no significant difference was found between groups with different epinephrine concentrations in the same minute (p=0.889). There was no significant difference in heart rate values between all groups (p=0.390).</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: In this study, epinephrine was found to be cardiovascularly safe in cases where it was necessary to exceed the daily dose used in extraesophageal procedures.</p> fatih aydin Copyright (c) 2024 fatih aydin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2024-10-30 2024-10-30 5 05 32 37